Surgery
Volume 147, Issue 1 , Pages 13-20 , January 2010

Long-term follow-up of patients with incidentally discovered pancreatic cystic neoplasms evaluated by endoscopic ultrasound

  • Nonthalee Pausawasdi, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
  • ,
  • David Heidt, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
  • ,
  • Richard Kwon, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
  • ,
  • Diane Simeone, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
  • ,
  • James Scheiman, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: James Scheiman, MD, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 3912 Taubman Center SPC 5362, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.

,Accepted 17 May 2009.

References 

  1. Hoover E, Natesha R, Dao A, Adams CZ, Barnwell S. Proliferative pancreatic cysts: pathogenesis and treatment options. Am J Surg. 1991;162:274–277
  2. Brugge WR, Lauwers GY, Sahani D, Fernandez-del Castillo C, Warshaw AL. Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1218–1226
  3. Scheiman JM. Cystic lesion of the pancreas. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:463–469
  4. Fernandez-del Castillo C, Targarona J, Thayer SP, Rattner DW, Brugge WR, Warshaw AL. Incidental pancreatic cysts: clinicopathologic characteristics and comparison with symptomatic patients. Arch Surg. 2003;138:427-3; discussion 33-34
  5. Sarr MG, Carpenter HA, Prabhakar LP, Orchard TF, Hughes S, van Heerden JA, et al. Clinical and pathologic correlation of 84 mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: can one reliably differentiate benign from malignant (or premalignant) neoplasms?. Ann Surg. 2000;231:205–212
  6. Sarr MG, Murr M, Smyrk TC, Yeo CJ, Fernandez-del-Castillo C, Hawes RH, et al. Primary cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. Neoplastic disorders of emerging importance-current state-of-the-art and unanswered questions. J Gastrointest Surg. 2003;7:417–428
  7. Goh BK, Tan YM, Chung YF, Chow PK, Cheow PC, Thng CH, et al. Pancreatic cysts: a proposed management algorithm based on current evidence. Am J Surg. 2007;193:749–755
  8. Ahmad NA, Kochman ML, Brensinger C, Brugge WR, Faigel DO, Gress FG, et al. Interobserver agreement among endosonographers for the diagnosis of neoplastic versus non-neoplastic pancreatic cystic lesions. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003;58:59–64
  9. Ahmad NA, Kochman ML, Lewis JD, Ginsberg GG. Can EUS alone differentiate between malignant and benign cystic lesions of the pancreas?. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96:3295–3300
  10. Spinelli KS, Fromwiller TE, Daniel RA, Kiely JM, Nakeeb A, Komorowski RA, et al. Cystic pancreatic neoplasms: observe or operate. Ann Surg. 2004;239:651–657discussion 7-9
  11. Javle M, Shah P, Yu J, Bhagat V, Litwin A, Iyer R, et al. Cystic pancreatic tumors (CPT): predictors of malignant behavior. J Surg Oncol. 2007;95:221–228
  12. Levy MJ, Clain JE. Evaluation and management of cystic pancreatic tumors: emphasis on the role of EUS FNA. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;2:639–653
  13. Brugge WR, Lewandrowski K, Lee-Lewandrowski E, Centeno BA, Szydlo T, Regan S, et al. Diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasms: a report of the cooperative pancreatic cyst study. Gastroenterology. 2004;126:1330–1336
  14. Khalid A, Finkelstein S, McGrath K. Molecular diagnosis of solid and cystic lesions of the pancreas. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2004;33:891–906
  15. Khalid A, McGrath KM, Zahid M, Wilson M, Brody D, Swalsky P, et al. The role of pancreatic cyst fluid molecular analysis in predicting cyst pathology. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;3:967–973
  16. Allen PJ, Jaques DP, D'Angelica M, Bowne WB, Conlon KC, Brennan MF. Cystic lesions of the pancreas: selection criteria for operative and nonoperative management in 209 patients. J Gastrointest Surg. 2003;7:970–977
  17. DiMagno EP. The pancreatic cyst incidentaloma: management consensus?. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5:797–798
  18. Sugiyama M, Izumisato Y, Abe N, Masaki T, Mori T, Atomi Y. Predictive factors for malignancy in intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors of the pancreas. Br J Surg. 2003;90:1244–1249
  19. Matsumoto T, Aramaki M, Yada K, Hirano S, Himeno Y, Shibata K, et al. Optimal management of the branch duct type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2003;36:261–265
  20. Tanaka M, Chari S, Adsay V, Fernandez-del Castillo C, Falconi M, Shimizu M, et al. International consensus guidelines for management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. Pancreatology. 2006;6:17–32
  21. Koito K, Namieno T, Nagakawa T, Shyonai T, Hirokawa N, Morita K. Solitary cystic tumor of the pancreas: EUS-pathologic correlation. Gastrointest Endosc. 1997;45:268–276
  22. Sahani DV, Saokar A, Hahn PF, Brugge WR, Fernandez-Del Castillo C. Pancreatic cysts 3 cm or smaller: how aggressive should treatment be?. Radiology. 2006;238:912–919
  23. Handrich SJ, Hough DM, Fletcher JG, Sarr MG. The natural history of the incidentally discovered small simple pancreatic cyst: long-term follow-up and clinical implications. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005;184:20–23
  24. Allen PJ, D'Angelica M, Gonen M, Jaques DP, Coit DG, Jarnagin WR, et al. A selective approach to the resection of cystic lesions of the pancreas: results from 539 consecutive patients. Ann Surg. 2006;244:572–582
  25. Lee CJ, Scheiman JM, Anderson MA, Hines OJ, Reber HA, Farrell J, et al. Risk of malignancy in resected cystic tumors of the pancreas ≤3 cm in size: is it safe to observe asymptomatic patients? A multi-institutional report. J Gastrointest Surg. 2008;12:234–242
  26. Lahav M, Maor Y, Avidan B, Novis B, Bar-Meir S. Nonsurgical management of asymptomatic incidental pancreatic cysts. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5:813–817
  27. Hammel P, Levy P, Voitot H, Levy M, Vilgrain V, Zins M, et al. Preoperative cyst fluid analysis is useful for the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the pancreas. Gastroenterology. 1995;108:1230–1235
  28. van der Waaij LA, van Dullemen HM, Porte RJ. Cyst fluid analysis in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions: a pooled analysis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;62:383–389
  29. Rodriguez JR, Salvia R, Crippa S, Warshaw AL, Bassi C, Falconi M, et al. Branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: observations in 145 patients who underwent resection. Gastroenterology. 2007;133:72–79
  30. Palazzo L, Roseau G, Gayet B, Vilgrain V, Belghiti J, Fékéte F, et al. Endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Results of a prospective study with comparison to ultrasonography and CT scan. Endoscopy. 1993;25:143–150
  31. Muller MF, Meyenberger C, Bertschinger P, Schaer R, Marincek B. Pancreatic tumors: evaluation with endoscopic US, CT, and MR imaging. Radiology. 1994;190:745–751
  32. Yasuda K, Mizuma Y, Nakajima M, Kawai K. Staging of pancreatic carcinoma by endoscopic ultrasonography. Endoscopy. 1993;25:151–155
  33. Nakaizumi A, Uehara H, Iishi H, Tatsuta M, Kitamura T, Kuroda C, et al. Endoscopic ultrasonography in diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer. Dig Dis Sci. 1995;40:696–700
  34. Soriano A, Castells A, Ayuso C, Ayuso JR, de Caralt MT, Ginès MA, et al. Preoperative staging and tumor resectability assessment of pancreatic cancer: prospective study comparing endoscopic ultrasonography, helical computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;99:492–501
  35. DeWitt J, Devereaux B, Chriswell M, McGreevy K, Howard T, Imperiale TF, et al. Comparison of endoscopic ultrasonography and multidetector computed tomography for detecting and staging pancreatic cancer. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141:753–763
  36. Walsh RM, Vogt DP, Henderson JM, Zuccaro G, Vargo J, Dumot J, et al. Natural history of indeterminate pancreatic cysts. Surgery. 2005;138:665–671
  37. Khalid A, Zahid M, Finkelstein SD, LeBlanc JK, Kaushik N, Ahmad N, et al. Pancreatic cyst fluid DNA analysis in evaluating pancreatic cysts: a report of the PANDA study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;69:1095–1102
  38. Anderson MA, Kwon RS, Scheiman JM. PANDA cyst fluid analysis: eats, shoots and leaves?. Gastrointest Endsoc. 2009;69:1103–1105
  39. Goh BK, Tan YM, Thng C, Cheow PC, Chung YF, Chow PK, et al. How useful are clinical, biochemical and cross-sectional imaging features in predicting potentially malignant or malignant cystic lesions of the Pancreas? Results from a single institution experience with 220 surgically treated patients. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;206:17–27

PII: S0039-6060(09)00362-6

doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2009.05.014

Surgery
Volume 147, Issue 1 , Pages 13-20 , January 2010