This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.
Abstract
The forces of mortality created by cancer of the breast have been examined utilizing
data collected during the past 19 years by the Syracuse, N. Y., Upstate Medical Center
Cancer Registry on 3,558 women. Except for 15 lost to follow-up, all have been contacted
annually through 1974 or until death. Time and cause were recorded for all deaths.
In April, 1975, 1,883 remain alive and in the registry and 1,660 women have died.
Using life-table analyses and considering deaths due only to breast cancer, mortality
rates were calculated for three age groups—21 to 50 years, 51 to 70 years, and 71
to 100 years. Breast cancer expresses its lethality most vigorously in the oldest
group. The half-death time (50% mortality rate) for the youngest group was 13 years,
for the middle group 8 years, and for the oldest group 5 years. The rate of dying
was a function of both age and stage at diagnosis. At 16 to 18 years after diagnosis,
deaths due to breast cancer begin to disappear. Eighty-eight percent of the women
who died following a diagnosis of cancer of the breast have died of their breast cancer.
Age as well as stage at diagnosis are significant determinants on the length of survival
and cause of death.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to SurgeryAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Combination chemotherapy as an adjuvant treatment in operable breast cancer.N Engl J Med. 1976; 294: 405
- The curability of breast cancer.Lancet. 1975; 2: 95
- Lingitudinal studies and the use of life tables.in: Statistics in medicine. Little Brown & Co, Boston1974 (chap. 9)
- Maximum utilization of the life table in analyzing survival.J Chron Dis. 1958; 8: 699
- Adjustment of long term survival rates for deaths due to intercurrent disease.J Chronic Dis. 1969; 22: 485
- Increasing incidence and decreasing mortality rates for breast cancer.Cancer. 1971; 28: 1376
- The curability of breast cancer.Br Med J. 1976; 2: 781
- End results in cancer. Report No. 4. Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md.,1972: 100
- Science in clinical examination, in Clinical judgment.Williams and Wilkins, Co.,, Baltimore1967
- l-phenyl alanine mustard (L-PAM) in the management of primary breast cancer: A report of early findings.N Engl J Med. 1975; 292: 117
- The pathology of invasive breast cancer.Cancer. 1975; 36: 1
- Ten-year follow-up results of patients with carcinoma of the breast in a cooperative clinical trial evaluating surgical adjuvant chemotherapy.Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1975; 140: 528
- Immuno-deficiency in developmental perspective.Harvey Lecture. 1973; 67: 1
- Immuno-deficiency in developmental perspective.Harvey Lecture. 1973; 67: 77 ff
- “Progress” in cancer research-don't say it isn't so.N Engl J Med. 1975; 292: 707
- Immune deficiency states associated with human malignant disease, in The immunology of malignant disease.The C. V. Mosby Co.,, St. Louis1970 (chap. 3)
- Results of treatment of carcinoma of the breast based on pathologic staging.Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1972; 134: 211
- Tumors of the breast.Armes Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C.,1968 (Fasicle 2)
- Analysis of cancer survival as an exponential phenomenon.Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1974; 138: 730
- Cancer of the breast: Its outcome as measured by the rate of dying and cause of death.Ann Surg. 1975; 182: 334
- Reporting of cancer survival and end results. The American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Results Reporting, 55 E Erie St., Chicago, Ill.,July, 1963
- Changes in 5 year breast cancer mortality in a breast cancer screening program.in: Nat Cancer Conf Proc. 7. 1973: 663
- Third National Cancer Survey.in: National Cancer Institute NIH-DHEW publication No. NIH 74. 634. CA. 24. 1974: 11 (also abstracted in)
- T.N.M. classification of malignant tumors. U.I.C.C. International Union Against Cancer and A.J.C. American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging and End Results Reporting, Geneva1972
- Combined chemotherapy and surgery in breast cancer: a review.Cancer. 1975; 36: 881
- Changing patterns of breast cancer.Cancer. 1976; 37: 111
- Considerations of mortality in certain chronic diseases.Ann Intern Med. 1966; 64: 595
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
March 31,
1977
Identification
Copyright
© 1978 Published by Elsevier Inc.
