Advertisement
Education| Volume 169, ISSUE 6, P1346-1351, June 2021

Gender distribution among surgical journals’ editorial boards: Empowering women surgeon scientists

Published:January 22, 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2020.12.026

      Abstract

      Background

      Gender disparities still exist in the field of academic surgery. Women face additional obstacles obtaining high-ranking, surgical academia positions compared to men, and this may extend to the appointment of editorial board members. We aim to evaluate the gender distribution of editorial board members, associate editors, and editors-in-chief of top US surgical journals and to recommend interventions, which can promote equitable gender representation among editorial boards.

      Methods

      The study is a cross-sectional analysis using publicly available data regarding the number and proportion of female editorial board members, associate editors, and editors-in-chief from 42 US surgical journals. Descriptive statistics and linear regression were performed with significance defined as P < .05.

      Results

      Of 2,836 editorial board members from 42 US surgical journals, 420 (14.8%) were women. Of 881 associate editors, 118 (13.3%) were women. Only 2/42 (4.8%) of editors-in-chief were women. The mean proportions of female editorial board members and associate editors were 14.5% and 19.5%, respectively. No significant associations were found between the 2019 Scimago Journal & Country Rank indicator nor the 2019 impact factor and the proportion of female editorial board members and female associate editors after adjusting for author H-index.

      Conclusion

      Gender disparities are evident in academic surgery, and women comprise a minority of US surgical editorial board members, associate editors, and editors-in-chief. The implementation of women mentorship from senior faculty on behalf of senior residents and junior faculty, as well as journal-facilitated pipeline programs, can diversify editorial board members by increasing women representation and reduce disparities in surgical journal editorial boards.
      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to Surgery
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Shaikh S.
        • Malik A.
        • Boneva D.
        • Hai S.
        • McKenney M.
        • Elkbuli A.
        Current trends of women surgeon speakers at national trauma surgery conferences: The trauma house is improving.
        Am Surg. 2020; 86: 803-810
        • Krebs E.D.
        • Narahari A.K.
        • Cook-Armstrong I.O.
        • et al.
        The changing face of academic surgery: Over-representation of females among surgeon-scientists with R01 funding.
        J Am Coll Surg. 2020; 231: 427-433
        • Shaikh S.
        • Adel E.
        Women trauma surgeons penetrating the glass ceiling.
        Am J Surg. 2020; 220: 1358-1360
        • Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC)
        Active physicians by sex and specialty.
        (Accessed 30 September 2020)
        • Haskins J.
        Where are all the women in surgery?.
        • Choinski K.
        • Lipsitz E.
        • Indes J.
        • et al.
        Trends in sex and racial/ethnic diversity in applicants to surgery residency and fellowship programs.
        JAMA Surg. 2020; 155: 778-781
        • Davis E.C.
        • Risucci D.A.
        • Blair P.G.
        • Sachdeva A.K.
        Women in surgery residency programs: Evolving trends from a national perspective.
        J Am Coll Surg. 2011; 212: 320-326
        • Baptiste D.
        • Fecher A.M.
        • Dolejs S.C.
        • et al.
        Gender differences in academic surgery, work-life balance, and satisfaction.
        J Surg Res. 2017; 218: 99-107
        • Magrane D.
        • Jolly P.
        The changing representation of men and women in academic medicine.
        https://www.aamc.org/system/files/reports/1/aibvol5no2.pdf
        Date: 2005
        Date accessed: October 3, 2020
        • Gottlieb M.
        • Krzyzaniak S.M.
        • Mannix A.
        • et al.
        Sex distribution of editorial board members among emergency medicine journals.
        Ann Emerg Med. 2021; 77: 117-123
        • Morton M.J.
        • Sonnad S.S.
        Women on professional society and journal editorial boards.
        J Natl Med Assoc. 2007; 99: 764-771
      1. Scimago Lab. Scimago Journal & Country Rank.
        http://www.scimagojr.com
        Date accessed: September 30, 2020
        • Web of Science
        Master Journal List. Clarivate Analytics.
        • de Costa J.
        • Chen-Xu J.
        • Bentounsi Z.
        • Vervoort D.
        Women in surgery: challenges and opportunities.
        IJS Global Health. 2018; 1: e02
        • Rohde R.S.
        • Wolf J.M.
        • Adams J.E.
        Where are the women in orthopaedic surgery?.
        Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016; 474: 1950-1956
        • Thompson-Burdine J.A.
        • Telem D.A.
        • Waljee J.F.
        • et al.
        Defining barriers and facilitators to advancement for women in academic surgery.
        JAMA Netw Open. 2019; 2e1910228
        • Scully B.B.
        Stop the bleeding: we must combat explicit as well as implicit biases affecting women surgeons.
        J Med Ethics. 2020; 46: 244-245
        • Wang L.J.
        • Tanious A.
        • Go C.
        • et al.
        Gender-based discrimination is prevalent in the integrated vascular trainee experience and serves as a predictor of burnout.
        J Vasc Surg. 2020; 71: 220-227
        • Harris C.A.
        • Banerjee T.
        • Cramer M.
        • et al.
        Editorial (spring) board? Gender composition in high-impact general surgery journals over 20 years.
        Ann Surg. 2019; 269: 582-588
        • Salles A.
        • Awad M.
        • Goldin L.
        • et al.
        Estimating implicit and explicit gender bias among health care professionals and surgeons.
        JAMA Netw Open. 2019; 2e196545
        • Mueller C.M.
        • Gaudilliere D.K.
        • Kin C.
        • Menorca R.
        • Girod S.
        Gender disparities in scholarly productivity of US academic surgeons.
        J Surg Res. 2016; 203: 28-33
        • Berg E.J.
        • Ashurst J.
        Patterns of recent National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding in general surgery: Analysis using the NIH RePORTER System.
        Cureus. 2019; 11: e4938
        • Gayet-Ageron A.
        • Poncet A.
        • Perneger T.
        Comparison of the contributions of female and male authors to medical research in 2000 and 2015: a cross-sectional study.
        BMJ Open. 2019; 9e024436
      2. Elsevier. Editorial boards.
        https://www.elsevier.com/editors/editorial-boards
        Date: 2020
        Date accessed: October 3, 2020
        • Xierali I.M.
        • Fair M.A.
        • Nivet M.A.
        Faculty diversity in U.S. medical schools: Progress and gaps coexist.
        • Zhuge Y.
        • Kaufman J.
        • Simeone D.M.
        • Chen H.
        • Velazquez O.C.
        Is there still a glass ceiling for women in academic surgery?.
        Ann Surg. 2011; 253: 637-643
        • Campbell L.G.
        • Mehtani S.
        • Dozier M.E.
        • Rinehart J.
        Gender-heterogeneous working groups produce higher quality science.
        PLoS One. 2013; 8: e79147
        • DiBrito S.R.
        • Lopez C.M.
        • Jones C.
        • Mathur A.
        Reducing implicit bias: Association of Women Surgeons #HeForShe Task Force best practice recommendations.
        J Am Coll Surg. 2019; 228: 303-309
        • Mueller C.
        • Wright R.
        • Girod S.
        The publication gender gap in US academic surgery.
        BMC Surg. 2017; 17: 16
        • Bonne S.
        • Williams B.H.
        • Martin M.
        • et al.
        #EAST4ALL: An introduction to the EAST equity, quality, and inclusion task force.
        J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2019; 87: 225-233
        • Carapinha R.
        • Ortiz-Walters R.
        • McCracken C.M.
        • Hill E.V.
        • Reede J.Y.
        Variability in women faculty's preferences regarding mentor similarity: A multi-institution study in academic medicine.
        Acad Med. 2016; 91: 1108-1118
        • Henry-Noel N.
        • Bishop M.
        • Gwede C.K.
        • Petkova E.
        Mentorship in medicine and other health professions.
        J Cancer Educ. 2019; 34: 629-637
        • Chambers C.C.
        • Ihnow S.B.
        • Monroe E.J.
        • Suleiman L.
        Women in orthopaedic surgery: Population trends in trainees and practicing surgeons.
        J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2018; 100: e116

      Linked Article

      • Gender distribution among surgical journals’ editorial boards: Empowering women surgeon scientists
        SurgeryVol. 170Issue 1
        • Preview
          I read with great interest the recent article titled “Gender Distribution Among Surgical Journals’ Editorial Boards: Empowering Women Surgeon Scientists” published in Surgery by Ehrlich et al.1 This study reported the gender distribution of editorial board members of 42 US surgical journals. Only 420 (14.8%) of the 2,836 editorial board members were women, highlighting the gender disparity in surgical academia. I would like to congratulate the authors for raising the topic of gender disparity within surgical academia.
        • Full-Text
        • PDF
      • Gender distribution in the editorial boards of surgical journals: A snapshot from Western Europe
        SurgeryVol. 170Issue 4
        • Preview
          We read with great interest the recent publication by Ehrlich et al pondering contemporary gender inequalities in academic surgery.1 We wish to reiterate the authors’ concern that gender inequalities in the field of academic surgery still exist, as supported by the paucity of women involved in the editorial board of several American top surgical journals. In order to offer a wider perspective of this matter, we investigated the percentage of female editorial board members of Western European surgical journals.
        • Full-Text
        • PDF