Abstract
Background
Blood clot formation or hemostasis is vital to minimize blood loss and mitigate the
risk of death from severe bleeding. This study investigates the characteristics of
a novel hemostatic composite containing chemically modified chitosan and starch for
emergency bleeding control. The performance of this novel hemostatic powder was compared
with commercially available starch-based (Arista AH) and chitosan-based (Celox) hemostats.
Methods
Hemostatic composite was prepared according to the patent registered by the authors
(Patent No. 100865, Iranian Intellectual Property Organization) in Bani Zist Baspar
Healda, Inc. (Shiraz, Iran). The properties of the product were surveyed by Fourier-transform
infrared spectroscopy and compared with Arista-AH and Celox as commercial counterparts.
The cytocompatibility, hemolysis, platelet and red blood cells (RBCs) adhesion, biocompatibility,
and biodegradability attributes were evaluated in in vivo and in vitro studies. Hemostatic
efficacy was evaluated in 24 healthy 6-month-old male New Zealand white rabbits in
lethal and sublethal injuries of femoral artery and veins, respectively.
Results
Modification and composition led to a fundamental development in physicochemical characteristics
including swelling properties, water absorption, and platelet and RBC adhesion due
to improved electrostatic and hydrophilic attributes. The significant superiority
in clotting efficiency was confirmed after the application of the composite in 2 models
of venous and arterial injury in comparison with common commercial hemostats.
Conclusion
Simultaneous use of water-absorbing compounds and introducing positively charged functional
groups to hemostatic material led to a considerable control of femoral bleeding in
emergency conditions. The introduced composite was biodegradable and biocompatible
and prompts RBC aggregation and platelet adhesion.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 28, 2022
Accepted:
April 29,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
