Abstract
Background
The adipose stromal vascular fraction contains abundant mesenchymal stem cells and
is utilized for cell therapy of male stress urinary incontinence. The purpose of this
paper was to explore the effect of local transplantation of the stromal vascular fraction
on improvement of damaged anal sphincter function.
Methods
A rat model of vaginal distension was used as a model of damaged anal sphincter function.
The adipose stromal vascular fraction was separated from the inguinal fat of syngeneic
green fluorescent protein transgenic rats and delivered into the internal anal sphincter
of vaginal distension rats. The maximum resting pressure was evaluated during insertion
and withdrawal of the catheter at 4 or 10 days after vaginal distension treatment
to estimate anal sphincter function. Green fluorescent protein-transfected human-adipose–derived
mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into the internal anal sphincter of nude
rats. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome staining were performed to evaluate tissue
damage and collagen synthesis. Transplanted cells were identified using a green fluorescent
protein antibody and a human-specific antibody. Activation of the transplanted human-ADSC
was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR
Results
The mean maximum resting pressure (during catheter withdrawal) of vaginal distension
rats was significantly lower than that of control rats, and stromal vascular fraction
injection normalized it 4 days after treatment (control: 5.66 ± 0.98, vaginal distension:
4.04 ± 1.28, vaginal distension + stromal vascular fraction: 5.92 ± 1.28 [mmHg, control
versus vaginal distension: P = .039; vaginal distension versus vaginal distension + stromal vascular fraction:
P = .007]). Histological examination showed that vaginal distension disrupted the internal
anal sphincter, and the transplanted syngeneic stromal vascular fraction survived
for 10 days. Transplanted xenogeneic human-adipose–derived mesenchymal stem cells
survived in the internal anal sphincter of nude rats for 4 and 10 days. Genes related
to extracellular remodeling were up-regulated in the transplanted human-adipose–derived
mesenchymal stem cells
Conclusion
Syngeneic and heterotopic transplanted adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells engrafted
in the internal anal sphincter and ameliorated damaged anal sphincter function in
a rat model of vaginal distension.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 14, 2022
Accepted:
June 13,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
