Hypospadias A discussion of the subject from the viewpoint of reconstructive surgery and a report of the use of a depilated scrotal flap

References

1. • Browne Denis
   An Operation for Hypospadias.
   Lancet. 1936; 1: 141-143
   • Scopus (22)
   • Abstract
2. Presents an original suggestion in technique to meet the problem of stitch tension due to insufficiency of tissue. Many arguments and the illustrations have been frankly copier] in the paper, with deep appreciation and acknowledgment.
3. • Bucknall R.T.H.
   A New Operation for Penile Hypospadias.
   Lancet. 1907; 2: 887
   • Scopus (3)
   • Abstract
4. The illustrations used are not from the original articles but show the various operative steps. Used as an example of the procedure where the deformity is carried to the flap.
5. • Cecil A.B.
   Surgery of Hypospadias Mid Epispadias in the Male.
   Tr. Am. A. Genito-Urin. Surg. 1931; 24: 253-302
6. To the merit of the text and his contributions to flap form is added a complete bibliography.
7. • Cecil A.B.
   Cabot's Urology. vol. 1. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia1936: 120
   • Google Scholar
8. To the merit of the teat are added the most beautiful illustrations in literature.
9. • Duplay S.
   De l'Icypospadias perineo-serotal et de son traitment chirurgical.
   Arch. Gen. de Med. de Paris. 1874; 23: 513
10. I have not read this paper, Many references to it have been made. I believe the description of a flap cut from the ventrum of the penis, tubed in reverse and buried under lateral sliding flaps, is correct
11. • Thiersch C.
    On the Development amt Surgical Treatment of Epispadias.
    Arch. d, Heilkunde. 1869; 1: 20
12. The mane Duplay is associated with hypospadias, the name Thiersch with epispadias. Compare the flap forms used, I suggest that operation for hypospadias be called. the Duplay-Thiersch, for epispadias, Thiersch-Duplay. The flap of Denis Browne for increase in spread of the penile envelope is applicable in both operations, in one instance placed on the dorsum, in the other on the ventrum.
13. • Cabot H.
    The Treatment of Hypospadias in Theory and Practice.
    New England M. J. 1936; 214: 871-876
    • Crossref
14. A modification of the Bucknall operation to meet the hair problem.
15. • Vermooten Vincent
    A Ball of Hair in the Urethra, a Late Complication of the Bucknall Operation for Hypospadias.
    New England M. J. 1930; 202: 658
    • Crossref
16. Case reports of this complication are gradually finding their way into the literature
17. • Churchman John W.
    Hypospadias With Particular Reference to the Operation of Bucknall.
    Ann. Surg. 1920; 71: 486
    • PubMed
    • Crossref
18. Reviews twelve operations for the repair of hypospadias and shows why surgically they are not satisfactory. Advocates the Bucknall operation. No mention is made of the hair problem. Contains the best illustrations of the Bucknall technique.
19. • Edmunds Arthur
    Pseudo- Hermaphroditism and Hypospadias.
    Lancet. 1926; 1: 323
20. The double-ended flap of the prepuce converted into single-ended, right and left, unfolded and brought to the ventrum of the penis.
21. • Ombredonne Penile
    Hyposadias in an Infant.
    Bull. et mem, Soc. de Chir. de Paris. 1911; 57: 1076
22. Double-ended pedicle flap of the prepuce unfolded and sutured over an advancement single-eded cut from the ventrum and possibly the scrotum.
23. • McIndoe A.H.
    The Treatment of Hypospadias.
    Am. J. Surg. 1937; 38: 176
    • Scopus (6)
    • Abstract
    • Full Text PDF
    • Google Scholar
24. • Nové-Josserand G.
    Traitment de L'Hypospadias.
    Lyon med. 1897; 85: 198
25. Comments in the text on the use of the free graft are purely theoretical
26. • Beck Carl
    Hypospadias and Its Treatment.
    Surg., Gynec. & Obst. 1917; 24: 511
27. Comments on advancement of the urethra are made without personal experience.
28. • McGuire S.
    Use of Appendix Vermiformis in Formation of Urethra in Hypospadias.
    Ann. Surg. 1927; 85: 391
    • PubMed
    • Crossref
29. Comments in the text are theoretical.
30. • Creevy C.D.
    The Operative Treatment of Hypospadias, With a Report of 13 Cases.
    Surgery. 1938; 3: 719
31. Fistula followed the Cecil modification in two of seven cases. Fistura followed the Duplay in two of three cases. A concise and well-stated discussion of the problems of reconstruction of the deformity.
32. • Lowsley O.S.
    • Begg C.L.
    Three Stage Operation for Repair of Hypospadias.
    J. A. M. A. 1938; 110: 487-493
    • Scopus (0)
    • Crossref
33. A flap cut from the scrotum, tubed in reverse, and the penis buried in the scrotum. Nine successful operations reported. Details of operation well illustrated.
34. • Gatewood
    Simple Technic for Cure of Hypospadias.
    Surg., Gynec. & Obst. 1936; 63: 655-659
35. A broad based single-ended pedicle flap, puckered and advanced distally in successive stages.
36. • Blair Vilray P.
    • Brown J.B.
    • Harris William G.
    The Correction of Scrotal Hypospadias and Epispadias.
    Surg., Gynec. & Obst. 1933; 57: 646
37. A right and left single-ended pedicle flap from the prepuce, brought to the ventrum. A flap cut from the ventrum, tubed in reverse and buried in the scrotum. A single-ended pedicle flap cut from the scrotum to cover. In all the literature on the subject, there is only occasional comment on the fact that the scrotal tissues are hair-bearing.