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Surgical Research Review| Volume 125, ISSUE 1, P19-22, January 1999

Beyond the laparoscope: Minimally invasive surgery in the new millennium

      The field of minimally invasive surgery became mainstream with the rapid adoption of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In 1998, however, the wave seems to have crested with advanced laparoscopic procedures such as laparoscopic colectomy, splenectomy, and herniorrhaphy performed by only a minority of general surgeons. There is a sense that we have reached the technical limitations of what can be safely and economically achieved through the laparoscope. Advances in imaging, energy delivery, optical technologies, and genetics promise to render therapy in an even less-invasive fashion. New approaches often depend on synergy from 2 complementary technologies and highlight the trend toward multidisciplinary or multimodality therapy.
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